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Siachen conflict
The Siachen Conflict, sometimes referred to as the Siachen War, is a military conflict between India and Pakistan over the disputed Siachen Glacier region in Kashmir. A cease-fire went into effect in 2003. The contentious area is about 〔(pp. 68–69)〕 to nearly of territory.〔(The Himalayas War at the Top Of the World ) July 31, 1989 – TIME〕 The conflict began in 1984 with India's successful Operation ''Meghdoot'' during which it gained control of the Siachen Glacier (unoccupied and undemarcated area). India has established control over all of the long Siachen Glacier and all of its tributary glaciers, as well as the three main passes of the Saltoro Ridge immediately west of the glacier—Sia La, Bilafond La, and Gyong La. Pakistan controls the glacial valleys immediately west of the Saltoro Ridge. According to ''TIME'' magazine, India gained more than of territory because of its military operations in Siachen.
==Causes Leading to Conflict==
The Siachen glacier is the highest battleground on earth,〔VAUSE, Mikel. Peering Over the Edge: The Philosophy of Mountaineering, p. 194.〕〔CHILD, Greg. Mixed Emotions: Mountaineering Writings, p. 147.〕 where India and Pakistan have fought intermittently since April 13, 1984. Both countries maintain permanent military presence in the region at a height of over . More than 2000 people have died in this inhospitable terrain, mostly due to weather extremes and the natural hazards of mountain warfare.
The conflict in Siachen stems from the incompletely demarcated territory on the map beyond the map coordinate known as NJ9842. The 1949 Karachi Agreement and 1972 Simla Agreement did not clearly mention who controlled the glacier, merely stating that the Cease Fire Line (CFL) terminated at NJ9842.〔 UN officials presumed there would be no dispute between India and Pakistan over such a cold and barren region.〔Modern world history- Chapter-The Indian subcontinent achieves independence/The Coldest War.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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